суффикс, cуффиксоид, вторая часть сложных слов 1) образует от глагольных основ действительные причастия и форму герундия Например: reading — читающий sleeping — спящий I like singing — я люблю пение 2) образует отглагольные прилагательные Например: caring — внимательный, заботливый interesting — интересный young-looking — моложавый 3) а) образует существительные от глаголов (реже от существительных) со значением процесса, действия, состояния Например: absorbing — всасывание; поглощение cabling — укладка кабеля carrying — провоз; транспорт, транспортирование, транспортировка law-making — издание законов kidnapping — киднэппинг, похищение людей б) образует существительные от глаголов (и реже от существительных) со значением конкретного объекта, предмета, материала Например: camping — кемпинг, лагерь для автотуристов deafening — звукоизолирующий материал gearing — зацепление; зубчатая передача, привод glazing — обливка, глазурь в) образует существительные от глаголов (и реже от существительных) со значением абстрактного понятия: область знаний, качество, характеристика Например: landscape-gardening — садово-парковая архитектура, декоративное садоводство calling — призвание; занятие, деятельность, род занятий daring — смелость; отвага; бесстрашие, мужество, храбрость leading — лидерство, лидирование

I. noun suffix Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -ung, -ing, suffix forming nouns from verbs; akin to Old High German -ung, suffix forming nouns from verbs 1. action or process
Example: running
Example: sleeping ; instance of an action or process
Example: a meeting 2. a. product or result of an action or process
Example: an engraving — often in plural
Example: earnings b. something used in an action or process
Example: a bed covering
Example: the lining of a coat 3. action or process connected with (a specified thing)
Example: boating 4. something connected with, consisting of, or used in making (a specified thing)
Example: scaffolding
Example: shirting 5. something related to (a specified concept)
Example: offing II. noun suffix Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -ing, -ung; akin to Old High German -ing one of a (specified) kind one of a (specified) kind
Example: sweeting III. verb suffix or adjective suffix Etymology: Middle English, probably from ¹-ing — used to form the present participle
Example: sailing and sometimes to form an adjective resembling a present participle but not derived from a verb
Example: swashbuckling Usage: Though the pronunciation of -ing with the consonant [n], misleadingly referred to as “dropping the g,” is often deprecated, this pronunciation is frequently heard. It is not known for certain why the Middle English present participle ending -ende was replaced by -ing. Analogy with the earlier noun suffix -ing probably had something to do with it. In early Modern English, present participles were regularly formed with -ing pronounced [iŋg] (as can still be heard in a few dialects) and later [iŋ]. Evidence also shows that some speakers used [in] and by the 18th century this pronunciation became widespread. Though teachers (with some success) campaigned against it, [in] remained a feature of the speech of many of the best speakers in Britain and the United States well into the 20th century. It has by now lost its respectability, at least when attention is drawn to it, but throughout the United States it persists largely unnoticed and in some dialects it predominates over [iŋ].